Effects of Orifice Sizes for Uncontrolled Filling Processes in Water Pipelines

The sizing of air valves during the expulsion phase in rapid filling processes is crucial for design purposes. Mathematical models have been developed to simulate behaviour expulsion, utilising 1D and 2D schemes. These transient events involve presence two fluids with different properties behaviours (water air). effect under scenarios controlled has studied by various authors; however, analysis uncontrolled using not yet considered. In this scenario, water columns reach high velocities, causing part them close valves, which generates an additional peak pocket pressure patterns. research, a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model OpenFOAM software situations.